托?？谡Z考試分為獨(dú)立任務(wù)和綜合任務(wù)兩個部分，獨(dú)立任務(wù)一般要求考生對所給問題提出自己的看法和觀點(diǎn)；而綜合任務(wù)則更多考察考生對于材料的復(fù)述能力。對于很多考生而言，大量練習(xí)掌握了答題技巧后，對于綜合口語任務(wù)的答題思路會更清晰，而且由于原題中的閱讀和聽力部分提供了大量的語料，所以總結(jié)復(fù)述起來相對會比獨(dú)立任務(wù)輕松一些。而獨(dú)立任務(wù)考察的話題相對而言更為多樣、廣泛，所以很多考生覺得摸不著答題的脈絡(luò)，會背誦一些模板去組織自己答案的框架，甚至在考場中直接背誦答案的內(nèi)容和例子，但往往最終都得到一個遠(yuǎn)比自己口語能力低很多的分?jǐn)?shù)。

朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家認(rèn)為，我們不是不可以用一些模式化的東西去豐富我們的語料庫，而是要有技巧的、靈活的對于模板進(jìn)行改造，不再選擇千篇一律的模板，而是通過改述的方法創(chuàng)造屬于自己的模板。

首先，要改造題干。在托?？谡Z的評分細(xì)則中明確指出考生如果使用太多題干詞匯，得分就會偏低。有考生曾經(jīng)對一個話題“A school is planning to organize its students to visit the workplace.Which place do you recommend the students to visit? 1. A science lab; 2. Abusiness office; 3. A TV studio.?Use specific details and examples tosupport your response.”做出了如下開頭式的回答：“Ifa school is planning to organize its students to visit the workplace, Iwillchoose go to a science lab.”?首先，這種開頭基本是對考題的照搬，如果題干很長的話，全部要復(fù)述出來也許要花費(fèi)大概15秒的時間，僅僅只說了一個開頭；其次，這樣做沒有體現(xiàn)出一種變化性，只是一種簡單的重復(fù)。我們?nèi)绻f：“I would rather visit the workplace…”這樣的開頭既簡潔，又能對題干進(jìn)行很好的paraphrase。

類似改述的表達(dá)還可以是：

Which of these do you prefer??可以換為I would like to have... I would like to...

Which option would you prefer??換為I think that v.-ing...is the better approach

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement??可以換為I believe the statement is reasonable. In other words I think...

Which factor ismore important to you??改為I would rather have...

Which way oflife do you think is better??改為I prefer to...

Which opiniondo you think is better??改為I tend to support the opinion that…is…

Which approachdo you think is better for students??改為My opinion is that students should...

所以在考試前考生可以專門拿當(dāng)月的機(jī)經(jīng)題目去練習(xí)開頭的變化方式，提前通過模擬練習(xí)做好準(zhǔn)備，做到看到題目就可以脫口而出自己改述過的答案。同時這里也提醒考生不要在結(jié)尾處再進(jìn)行一次類似的重復(fù)，否則答案聽上去會有混時間的贅余感，因為開頭和結(jié)尾都是套路式的句子。

其次，內(nèi)容可以基于模板融入自己的例子進(jìn)行改述。比如問道：“If visitors from another country planned to visit your country, wherewould you recommend they go? Explain your choice in detail.”這道題目就可以進(jìn)行本土化的改造，加入自己生活城市的景點(diǎn)和當(dāng)?shù)靥厣?。這樣做的目的很簡單，大多數(shù)沒有認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備或者沒有進(jìn)行思考的答案一般說的比較泛泛，而人類語言和思維的共通性極容易讓你和其他人的觀點(diǎn)撞車，從而最多只能得到中等分?jǐn)?shù)段。所以我們要想有一些變化就需要用到對例子的改述這種方法。比如有一個例子是關(guān)于美國的：“If I were asked to give suggestions about cities to foreign visitors, Iwould recommend New York City---it is truly a city that never sleeps. There areendless things to do and see all year long. No matter what you're in the moodfor, New York has it. Some great restaurants, hotels and shops are located inthis city. I’d suggest the visitors start the day off by walking around inbeautiful Central Park, then have lunch downtown in The Village and go shoppingin SoHo. In the evening, they could go see a Broadway show. Then, the next day,the sightseers could visit the Statue of Liberty, walk around Times Square andmaybe even see a New York Yankees baseball game. And, if they didn't want tospend a lot of money, New York is the perfect city for people-watching.”

在這一段答案中，很棒的一個前提就是“it is truly a city that never sleeps”,?這就說明紐約對于游客來說是一個能從早玩到晚的城市，答案就顯得很充實。我們下面就對這個答案進(jìn)行個性化改造，變成廣州版的。

If I were askedto give suggestions about cities to foreign visitors, I would recommend Guangzhou—itis truly a city that brings rich history and modern items together. There areendless things to do and see all year long. No matter what you're in the moodfor, GZ has it. Some fancy restaurants, hotels and shops are located in thiscity. I'd suggest the visitors start the day off by walking around in ZhengJiaSquare, which is a central general store, and my friends can taste traditionallyCantonese morning breakfast and go shopping in it. In the evening, they couldsee Canton Tower, a luminous TV station. Standing on the top of skyscraper,they will overlookfull views of GZ. Therefore, GZ is a must-visit city for myforeign friends.

當(dāng)然，考生完全可以按照自己的喜好對上述模板進(jìn)行本地化改述，而且建議考生們平時在做brainstorming的時候，可以將自己喜愛的電影，小說，音樂，人物，地點(diǎn)，食物，想法等都列出來，以方便做出自己的模板。這樣，對待托福口語考試就不再像對待生硬的機(jī)器聊天，而更像是與自己的朋友傾訴和分享自己的愛好，觀點(diǎn)，從而做出自己喜歡而且獨(dú)特的答案。